ONR-3 EM JUNE 2021 SOLVED QUESTION PAPER

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CERTIFICATE IN WATER HARVESTING AND MANAGEMENT (CWHM)

Term-End Examination June, 2021

ONR-003 : WATER HARVESTING, CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION

1. (a) Enlist the different indigenous methods of water harvesting. Explain any one.

(b)What is Rainwater Harvesting ? What are the different types of rainwater harvesting systems ?

(c) What is in-situ water harvesting technique ? How can harvested water enhance crop production ?

2. (a) What is Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting ? List the basic components of rooftop rainwater harvesting systems ?

(b)  Explain the basic steps involved in rainwater harvesting.

(c)Calculate the volume of water harvested from a building of roof area 200 m2 located in an area receiving rainfall of 500 mm per annum, assuming collection efficiency of 70%.

3. (a) What is the function of filtration in rooftop rainwater harvesting system ? Explain filtration unit for rooftop rainwater harvesting system with neat sketch diagram.

(b)  How will you calculate the capacity of storage tank ? Compute capacity of storage tank for a household of 6 persons for a period of 30 days, assuming per capita water requirement is 50 litres/day.

4.(a)  How will you compute the capacity of storage ponds for agriculture and livestock ?

(b) Calculate the gross capacity of storage tank for 5 cm depth of irrigation to 20 ha area and meeting water requirement of 40 buffaloes, 30 cows and 20 sheep for a period of 30 days. Assuming that water requirement per buffalo, cow and sheep are 70, 60 and 10 litres per day, respectively. The irrigation is applied after every 30 days and pond is filled after every 30 days.

5. (a) Define Irrigation. What are the different methods of irrigation ?

(b)  Explain surface method of irrigation. Write its limitations.

(c) Explain drip irrigation system with neat sketch diagram and label the different components.

6. (a) What are artificial techniques for recharging groundwater ? List different artificial recharge methods suitable for humid regions.

(b) Differentiate between Recharge Pits and Recharge Shaft, with neat sketch diagram.

(c)Explain recharging groundwater through tubewell.

7. (a) What are the different types of water storage structures ?

(b) What is earth fill dam ? Explain the function of earth fill dam.

(c) List different types of spillways. Explain any one.

8. (a) How does water conservation help in ensuring agriculture sustainability ?

(b) Differentiate between Surface and Pressure systems of irrigation.

(c)Define water conveyance efficiency. A stream of 135 litres per second was diverted from a canal and 100 litres per second were delivered to the field. Determine the water conveyance efficiency.