BZYCT135 EM 2023 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT

Description

ASSIGNMENT
PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Course Code: BZYCT-135
Assignment Code: BZYCT-135/TMA/2023
Maximum Marks: 100
Note: Attempt all questions. The marks for each question are indicated against it.
Part-A Maximum Marks: 50
1. i) What prevents the epithelial lining of the walls of the stomach of animals
from being digested by the HCI secreted by it?
ii) What are the end-products of food that can be absorbed by the body?
Explain how absorption of fats differs from absorption of proteins and
sugars.
(5)
(5)
2. a) How is carbon dioxide transported when it is released by the tissues into the
blood in mammals? What is the role of carbonic anhydrase?
b) Select the four true statements:
i) Arteries generally have a larger diameter than veins.
ii) Capillaries are made up of a single layer of endothelial cells
surrounded by a basal membrane.
iii) The arteries near the heart are more elastic and dampen the
oscillation in blood flow.
iv) Whole blood is more viscous than plasma because of the presence of
blood cells.
v) The maximum pressure during a heart beat is systolic pressure.
vi) The maximum pressure during a heartbeat is known as diastolic
pressure.
(6)
(4)
3. i) Write short notes on:
a) Green gland of crustaceans
b) Molluscan kidney
ii) Diagrammatically explain the biochemical pathways that produce ATP for
vertebrate muscle contraction.
(5)
(5)
4. a) If a new compound is used that binds to membrane receptors by blocking
them which hormone action will be blocked as a result?
b) If cAMP formation is inhibited in the cell then what step in the hormone
action will be affected?
c) How can hormones mediate changes in the cell’s function?
d) What is the role of calcium ion as a second messenger?
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
5. i) Write the term used for the following:
a) Female reproductive stem cell.
(5)
4
b) Mature follicle containing fluid filled spaces.
c) A soluble polypeptide hormone synthesized by ovary during
pregnancy.
d) C-21 steroid hormones having basic structure of pregnane nucleus.
e) Luteotropic hormone of pituitary.
ii) Draw a labeled diagram of a cross section through the mammalian
seminferous tubule.
(5)
Part-B Maximum Marks: 50
6. a) Do as directed.
i) D-Mannose is a ketotriose (True/ False).
ii) Ribulose is ketopentose or aldopentose (Pick one option)
iii) Generally, molecule with ‘n’ chiral centers has how many
stereoisomers?
iv) D form of carbohydrates is more abundant than L form (True/
False).
v) Enantiomers are pair of chiral molecules with non superimposable
mirror images (True/ False).
b) Describe the role of enzymes in lowering the activation energy and in
coupled reactions.
(5)
(5)
7. i) Derive Michaelis-Menten equation.
ii) Draw Lineweaver-Burk plot.
(5)
(5)
8. i) List the Antioxidant vitamins and their roles.
ii) Discuss the consequences of free radical interaction with macromolecules.
(5)
(5)
9. a) What is glycogenesis? Explain the steps involved in the process of
glycogenesis.
b) Explain, how is fatty acid synthesis regulated?
(5)
(5)
10. i) Choose the correct answer from the parentheses.
a) (Creatinine/Urea) …………… is the main nitrogenous compound in
urine.
b) Transamination reaction in amino acid synthesis is catalysed by
enzyme ……………. (Decarboxylase/Transaminase).
c) Urea cycle is also referred to as ………….. (Krebs-Henseleit/Krebs)
cycle.
d) In deamination, amino acid is converted into ………….(keto acid/
carboxylic acid).
e) Process of breakdown of amino acids to α keto acids is called
………….. (cis-amination/transamination).
f) The alpha amino groups of all the amino acids is finally channelised
to ………….. (glutamate/alanine).
(6)
5
ii) Answer in 1-2 lines:
a) Define deamination.
b) Give glutamate dehydrogenase reaction (GDH Reaction).
c) Name the major transport form of ammonia.
d) Defect/deficiency in which enzyme of the urea cycle causes
hyperammonemia